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Great Women In Islamic History: Devlet Hatun Of Iran

February 12, 2015 By Dr. Milena Rampoldi Leave a Comment

Between the sixth and ninth centuries of the Hegira, two states were founded in the southwest region of Iran which was occupied by the Lur tribes. Of these one was the “Great Lurlu,” also known as “Hezarespî” or “Fazlûye.” The other was the kingdom of “Lesser Luristan” or “Beni Hurshit” (translation: the sons of Hurshit). Since Bahriye Üçok’s work is concerned only with the latter, only Lesser Luristan will be discussed in this chapter about Devlet Hatun.

The rulers of the state of Lesser Luristan were descended from the Jangruî tribe. It was originally called “Hurshitoqullari” and continued to be known by this name until the sixteenth century, after Muhammed Hurshid who was a former vizier of the Lurlus and who was the first ruler from this family. The name of Lesser Luristan, which was the area where it was situated, was not given to the Hurshitoqullan state until after the sixteenth century.

Devlet Hatun, who came to the throne as the 14th of the Hurshitoqullari rulers, was unable to retain power for long. She was not, in any case, the ruler of a completely independent state, but was chief of a semi-independent country that owed allegiance to the powerful Ilhan Empire.

Filed Under: Foreign Affairs, Media & Culture Tagged With: Baghdad, Bahriye Üçok, Book Of Victories, Devlet Hatun, Falak-Ol-Aflak, Female Sovereigns in Islamic States, feminism, Great Lurlu, history, Hurremabad, Hurshitoqullari, Ilhan Empire, Iran, Islam, Islamic feminism, Jangruî, Lesser Luristan, Lur, Mongols, Muhammed Hurshid, Muslim history, Raziyye Hatun, Safevîs, Tarih-i Güzide, Tarih-i İskender, women, Yusuf Shah, Zafernâme

Great Women Of Muslim History: Padishah Hatun of Iran

January 20, 2015 By Dr. Milena Rampoldi Leave a Comment

Safvetuddin Padishah Hatun is described by historians as beautiful and intelligent at the same time. In fact, she possessed such beauty that it reached the ears of Ilhan Abaka, the son of the famous Mongol Hulagu Khan, who asked for her hand. In spite of the opposition of Padishah Hatun’s stepbrother, Sultan Hajjâj, Türkân Hatun accepted Ilhan Abaka’s — a very beneficial decision because her marriage guaranteed a long time of justice and mercy of the Mongols towards the state of Kirman.

On the sudden death of Abaka Khan in 1282, Hulagu’s seventh son Teküdar was chosen to succeed him. His first objective was to strengthen Mongol authority in the Islamic world so he became a Muslim by taking the name of Ahmet. It was during the reign of Ahmet Teküdar that Türkân Hatun lost her throne. This caused her daughters Bibi Hatun and Padishah Hatun much grief. But as a result of the power struggle between Ahmet Teküdar and his nephew Argun, the latter was finally recognized as Ilhan (chieftain).

A short while later, when her brother Soyurgatmısh was summoned to Ordu, he saw that the situation was dangerous. Argun treated him with great harshness for having supported Ahmet. At the same time, he had a number of powerful enemies there, such as Bibi Türkân and Padishah Hatun. In the end the judges decided that Sultan Jelâüddîn Soyurgatmısh and Padishah Hatun should rule Kirman together to guarantee political stability.

Filed Under: Foreign Affairs, Media & Culture Tagged With: Africa, Ahmed Teküdar, Ahmet Teküdar, Anatolia, Argun Khan, Baghdad, Bahriye Üçok, Baydu, Bibi Hatun, China, Crusades, economics, economy, Egypt, Fahrülmülk Mahmud, Female Sovereigns in Islamic States, history, Hulagu Khan, Ilhan, Ilhan Abaka, Iran, Iraq, Islam, Jelâlüddîn Soyurgatmısh, Keyhatu, Kirman, Kutbüddîn Shah, Kutluk, Lâle, Mamluks, Medieval history, Medieval poetry, MENA, Middle East, Mongols, Muslim history, Muslim poetry, Oljaytu, Padishah Hatun, Quran, Realpolitik, Soyurgatmısh, Sultan Hajjâj, Tabriz, Teküdar Khan, Türkan Hatun, Zenjânî

Great Women In Muslim History: Türkan Hatun of Iran

January 6, 2015 By Dr. Milena Rampoldi Leave a Comment

This article is about a Turkish ruler presented by author and feminist Bahriye Üçok in her book. I am very happy that the Turkish author reminds us of this female ruler who would otherwise be buried in oblivion.

Türkan Hatun reigned in the Muslim State of Kirman of Kutluk in today’s Iran in the 13th century. First of all, let us take a brief look at the history of the founding of this state in order to better understand how it came about that a woman should rise to the position of ruler in a newly formed Muslim state:

Barak Hâjib, one of the former emirs of the idol-worshipping Karahitay, on taking possession of the Kirman region in 619/1222, set up a state there. A short while later, Jelâlüddîn Harezmshah, on his way through Kirman, married Barak’s daughter. At this time, Barak became subject to the Harezmshahs. Jelâlüddîn Harezmshah, because of the merciless pursuit of the Mongols, was compelled to retreat. Realising that the supremacy had now passed from the Harezmis to the Mongols, Barak Hâjib lost no time in proclaiming his allegiance to Genghis Khan. In addition he gave one if his daughters, Sevinch Türkân, to Genghis Khan’s son Jagatay. In this way, he received The title of “Kutluk Khan.”

Filed Under: Foreign Affairs, Media & Culture Tagged With: Abaka Khan, Ahmed Khan, Ahmed Teküdar, Amu Derya, Bahriye Üçok, Barak Hâjib, Barakoqul, Caliph en-Nâsır, Chagatay, Cherendab, Female Sovereigns in Islamic States, Genghis Khan, Han Türkân, history, Hodja Zahîrüddîn Yemin ül-Mülk, Hulagu Khan, Il Milione, Ilhan, Iran, Islam, Jelâlüddîn Harezmshah, Jelâlüddîn Soyurgatmısh, Karabaq, Karahitay, Kirman, Kurch Melik, Kutay Hatun, Kutbüddin Muhammed, Kutluk, Kutluk Türkân, Marco Polo, Mongols, Muizüddîn Melik Shah, Muslim history, Padishah Hatun, Sâhib-i Divan Shemsüddîn, Sevinch Türkân, Shura, shuracraty, Siistan, Siyeh Kuh, Soyurgatmısh, Süyük Shah, Tabriz, Tâjüddîn Satılmısh, Türkan Hatun, Zemistan

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